The Effects Of Being A Young Carer On An Adolescent s...

Are adolescents really going through a time of turmoil, or is that just a stereotype? What might be the impact of being a young carer on an adolescent s development? There pervades in both general society and in psychological research circles an idea that adolescence must be a time of psychological upset, disturbance, and turmoil (Rutter et al., 1976), and that this is a natural, unavoidable part of the lifespan. This view is based on those of many original theorists (such as Freud, Geleerd, Eissler,.) who described the mood swings, upheavals, and difficulties of adolescent psychology as verging on mental illness. Adelson (1964, pg1-5) suggested there are two views of adolescence, one based on delinquents found in negative new reports†¦show more content†¦(1976) investigated a group of adolescents on the Isle of Wight, age 14-15, comparing blind psychiatric diagnoses for two groups, one random and the others with high ‘deviant’ scores on a behavioural questionna ire. They found that ‘inner turmoil’ (in this case described as miserable feelings and low self-esteem) was quite common, and the diagnosis of psychiatric conditions was slightly more frequent during this period than in earlier childhood, with an increase in depression. However, Larson et al. (1980) used self-reports from 900 adolescents, aiming to ‘evaluate the widespread theoretical assumption that adolescents experience greater mood variability as part of a syndrome of psychosocial disequilibrium’. While they confirmed that adolescents appear to have bigger and quicker mood swings, they disputed the conclusion that these swings indicate ‘turmoil’, as the variation was not linked to stress, lack of control or psychological or social maladjustment. They conclude, â€Å"Variability is not a malady of adolescents, but may well be an obstacle to their growth.† (p. 488). Further disputing the stereotype is a more recent study by van de Wetering et al. (2010) investigated happiness among Dutch adolescents. They found a high level of happiness among their subjects, with a score of 7.69 out of 10, supporting previous findings from around the world (Gilman Huebner, 2003; UNICEF 2007). However other studies, while reporting overall highShow MoreRelatedMedical Conditions on Adolescents1414 Words   |  6 Pageslarge effect on everyone, no matter what the age. In adolescents, they are still dependent on their parents as their caregivers, and are old enough to understand and make decisions for themselves. Chronic illness has been defined  as â€Å"an illness that is prolonged in duration, does not often resolve spontaneously, and is rarely cured completely.† (Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing). Adolescence is â€Å"a period of rapid physical, psychological, emotional and social development duringRead MoreAttachment Theory And Its Effect On Social Work2045 Words   |  9 Pagesthe academic s who have defined the process and its effect within social work. Firstly we need to know what exactly what attachment theory actually is. I belief this can be described as being a set of theories derived from academic s who feel attachment has a psychological normality for searching an i ndividuals closeness to another person in there life, and there effect to promote security when that person is with them and the anxiety when they have gone. There are many theorist s in the fieldRead MoreAn Ideal Age At Which Women Should Conceive Their First Child1600 Words   |  7 Pagesincreased in recent decades. Cumulative research proposes that adolescent parenthood may impinge on childhood development because of a variety of factors, including psychological, biological and socio-contextual factors, and thus having children at an older age may be more beneficial for the child. This review seeks to examine whether there is an ideal age at which women should conceive their first child so as to ensure optimal development throughout childhood. Australian Trends throughout the DecadesRead MoreUnit 1 Qcf Level 3 Essay9585 Words   |  39 PagesUnit 1: Understand Child and Young Person Development Unit code: CYP Core 3.1 Unit reference number: L/601/1693 QCF level: 3 Credit value: 4 1.1 Explain the sequence and rate of each aspect of development from birth – 19 years The sequence of development of a child and young person is divided into five different aspects. They include: Physical, social, communication, intellectual and cognitive, emotional and behavioural and moral development. Since every child develops at a differentRead MoreIapt Essay5419 Words   |  22 PagesBasic Skills Component Domains within the Children and Young People’s IAPT Project and the challenges in applying them in your service.’ 1. Introduction This paper will focus on Evidence-Based Psychological Treatment for Children and Young People and aim to critically discuss the Basic Skills Component Domains within this area. It will look at the challenges of applying them to the authors work setting of Tier 3 Children and Adolescent Mental health service (CAMHS). This paper has been dividedRead MoreAssessment Two And Professional Development Essay1665 Words   |  7 Pagesof Narrabundah, ACT. In three sections, this assignment will identify the population profile of the assigned community, the local Indigenous community health service - Winnunga Nimmityjah and the professional development of nurses addressing the importance of on-going professional development for delivering culturally safe nursing care at this local community health service of Narrabundah. PART A Narrabundah is located in the inner south city of Canberra, ACT. The ACT Government acknowledges theRead MoreUnit 512 Lead Practice in Promoting the Well-Being and Resilience of Children and Young Peopl3510 Words   |  15 PagesUnit 512 Lead practice in promoting the well-being and resilience of children and young people Understand how different approaches to promoting positive well-being and resilience in children and young people. Explain the importance of well-being for children and young people. Child well-being and deprivation represent different sides of the same coin. From a child rights perspective well-being can be defined as the realisation of children’s rights and the fulfilment of the opportunityRead MoreUnderstanding Children and Young Person Development Essay13960 Words   |  56 Pagesfostering children and young people Standard 2: Understand your role as a foster carer Standard 3: Understand health and safety and safer caring Standard 4: Know how to communicate effectively Standard 5: Understand the development of children and young people Standard 6: Keep children and young people safe from harm Standard 7: Develop yourself Standard 1: Understand the principles and values essential for fostering children and young people 1.1a WhatRead MoreSocial and Emotional Development10353 Words   |  42 PagesChild Development: Social and Emotional Development Child Development - Social and Emotional Development Introduction: As we grow older we change; these changes are most visible during infancy and childhood. From birth, babies grow larger and show noticeable development in both their social and intellectual competence. The study of age-related changes in human behaviour is referred to as developmental psychology. Child development refers to the psychological and biological changes thatRead MoreSocial and Emotional Development10365 Words   |  42 PagesChild Development: Social and Emotional Development Child Development - Social and Emotional Development Introduction: As we grow older we change; these changes are most visible during infancy and childhood. From birth, babies grow larger and show noticeable development in both their social and intellectual competence. The study of age-related changes in human behaviour is referred to as developmental psychology. Child development refers to the psychological and biological changes that occur

Personal Narrative My Sister, Kampbell - 1819 Words

Back in 2012 my sister, Kampbell, decided that she had an interest in gymnastics. My parents, being the loving people they are to her, let her join Kids In Motion, a gymnastics facility in Washington, Missouri. She had a lot of fun with it and has actually got really good. She goes to practice three times a week and has had multiple competitions all around Missouri and I go to most of them. Gymnastics is not the only sport that she plays, she plays volleyball, gymnastics, and she also wants to join cheer when she gets to high school. Currently, she goes to St. George Catholic School and is in eighth grade. Over last summer the national gymnastic competition was in Kingsport, Tennessee, which is the closest to us that it has been in a long†¦show more content†¦Each week we were getting more and more anxious to go. All of a sudden it was time to pack because it was the day before. That morning, I went to weights, when I came back and showered, we were in the car and we left. B efore we got out of town we had to stop at BP, in Hermann, and get something to drink. After a while on Interstate 70, we decided to stop and get something to eat at Chick-fil-A in Warrenton, MO. Once we hit the road again, we didn’t see much, but I will never forget when we crossed the Stan Musial Veterans Memorial Bridge, over the Mississippi River, into Illinois because it was the first time we have ever driven a car over the Mississippi River. About the time when we got to Mt Vernon, Illinois, I asked my mom if we could go to the Louisville Bats game, they are the AAA team for the Cincinnati Reds, they were playing the Columbus Clippers, AAA team of the Cleveland Indians. It started at seven, and it would be something to do because I really wanted to do something. After a little convincing, she said yes, so I started looking for tickets, they were only thirteen dollars! When we bought them, we must have been in a bad cellular signal zone because something happened and it didn’t work, we did not know until we got there. When we got there we went to the box office, got three tickets, then we got some food and sat down in our seats, about thirteen rows back from home plate. The stadium was beautiful, they had a

Public Speaking Anxiety And Its Effect On Students Essay Example For Students

Public Speaking Anxiety And Its Effect On Students Essay Public Speaking Anxiety And Its Effect On Students Essay Introduction Public speaking anxiety is a problem for many people. Some say that it is the number one fear of Americans over death. There have been many studies done in the general field of public speaking anxiety. I am going to review five articles that touch on various issues surrounding public speaking anxiety. All five of these articles are from Communication journals and are at most five years old. Literature Review There have been many studies done on public speaking anxiety in the field of communications. I have chosen these five articles to review because I believe that put together, they give a good background on the recent research done on this subject. The first article looks at students memories of speeches they have given. The second article looks at how public speaking anxiety affects speech preparation. The third article looks at how speech anxiety changes due to audience pleasantness and familiarity. The fourth article looks at when anxiety actually starts for students given a speech assignment. The fifth article summarizes a study where people with no formal background in communication are asked to explain why people experience public speaking anxiety. The first article is entitled ;Communication apprehension and implicit memories of public speaking state anxiety.; Sawyer and Behnke discussed two studies in this article. The first is labeled ;Short term memory;, and the second is labeled ;Long term memory;. In study one, their subjects were 44 undergraduate students (22 males, 22 females) that were taking a required basic speech communication class. Each student gave a short two-minute speech to a classroom of 20-25 students. The speeches were videotaped and later played back and reviewed by the instructor. Directly after giving their speeches, the students were asked to fill out Spielbergers (Speilberger, Gorsuch, Lushene, 1969) STAI (A-State) scale, which asks the student how he/she felt while giving the presentation. They also filled this out several weeks before the speech, on how they felt about public speaking in general. Then they were asked to fill out the scale after class. The results showed that recollections of state speaking anxiety decrease over time. The second study participants were 40 undergraduate students (20 male, 20 female) enrolled in a basic speech communication course. At the beginning of the semester each student filled out McCroskeys PRCA (1978). Each student gave a 5-minute speech in front of 25 other students and immediately after filled out Spielbergers scale. They were asked one week later to fill out the scale again. They again found that the students recollection of anxiety had decreased over time. The level of decrease was contingent on the students level of communication apprehension. The second article is called Speech anxiety affects how people prepare speeches: A protocol analysis of the preparation processes of speakers. This article was written by J. Daly, A. Vangelisti, and D. Weber. They begin by telling the reader what a serious problem public speaking anxiety is. This alone gives me the feeling that they are doing this study because they really want to help people who are suffering from this anxiety. They took fifty-one undergraduate students who were enrolled in a large introductory lecture class on communication. They completed a measure of public speaking anxiety five weeks before the project. They randomly selected student from the class and came up with a group that represented the norm in terms of age, race, and gender. Each student was asked to prepare a speech in front of observers and speak out loud what he/she was thinking. The student then went and performed the speech in front of the class who were unaware of the study. The class then rated the student. Genovese and Northup Essay The student was asked to answer some questions about their feelings. They found that their was a significant and inverse relationship between public speaking anxiety and the average performance rating. Speech anxiety was unrelated to goal setting, presentation concern, organization, and revising/editing. It was related to other things such as audience concerns and text generation. The third article is titled The effects of audience pleasantness, audience familiarity, and speaking contexts on public speaking anxiety and willingness to speak. This article was written .

Money Market free essay sample

As money market is very important to the financial system, especially the economic growth, there is need to review and understand the changes in the money market so that the right responses can be given while confronting with the financial crisis. The objectives of this project are to review the money markets and the securities in Malaysia and to understand an importance of money markets that affect the economic growth. Firstly, the purpose of the existence money market and its cost advantage is discussed. Next, the money market’s instruments are reviewed. The money market’s instruments include treasury bills, Bank Negara funds, Repurchase Agreement, Negotiable Certificates of Deposit and Banker’s Acceptance. Those money market’s instruments are essential to volatile the liquidity of financial status in Malaysia. In addition, the money market securities are compared using the interest rates as the interest rates are the key factor to stimulate or constrain the economic activities. We will write a custom essay sample on Money Market or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The significant of this study is to make a deep understanding of the money market in Malaysia. This study can help the finance students to learn more about the relationship between the money market and the economic growth. It is very useful when involving in the businesses of money market. Based on the study, we can see that there is vital to have money market securities in helping the economic growth. Different money market securities can help to provide a low-cost source of funds to the firms, government and especially to the intermediaries instead of depend on the banks only. Money market is a market for trading short-term, low risk securities such as commercial paper, treasury bills, bankers’ acceptances, and negotiable certificates of deposits. The market is made up of dealers in these securities who are linked by electronic communications. The most important function of a money market is to provide a means whereby economic units can quickly adjust trough cash positions. For all economic units (business, households, financial institutions, or governments) the timing of cash inflows is rarely perfectly synchronized or predictable in the short run. According to the data provider Morningstar Asia Ltd, money market – linked funds registered for sale in Malaysia were the best performing asset type in comparison with commodity and equity funds for the year ended October 31. On average, money market funds delivered positive returns (2. 19%) over the period compared with commodity and equity-linked funds, which registered negatives returns. Morningstar told Star Biz that as a result of the uncertain global economic climate, investor risk appetites has been sharply reduced. Higher risk asset classes, such as equities and commodities, typically performed poorly in such an environment, while perceived safe harbors- such as money market linked-funds- generally did better. Furthermore, OSK- UOB Unit Trust Management Bhd. and Meridien Asset Management Sdn. Bhd. had invested in short-term commercial paper with top credit quality, hence sheltering it from the volatility associated with the bond market and to preserve capital and to generate consistent income streams. In addition, Managing director Nicholas Ng of Meridien Asset Management Sdn. Bhd. xpected that the stability to continue in the money market, given recent steps taken by Bank Negara to strengthen confidence in the financial system. Also, current account surplus and ample liquidity in the banking system should continue to provide support for the money market. In conclusion, short-term rates on the Malaysian money market remained steady at the opening despite continued ample liquidity in the system as Bank Negara Malaysia intervened to check excess liquidity in the system. On October 23, Bank Negara Malaysia (BNM) today estimated an aggregate surplus of RM 4. 4 billion, of which conventional operations accounted for RM1. 658 billion while Islamic funds made up for the remaining RM2. 781 billion. 3. 0 MONEY MARKET 3. 1 Why do we need money market? In theory, the money markets should not be needed. The banking industry exist primarily to provide short term loans and to accept short term deposits. Bank should have efficiency advantage in gathering information, an advantage that should eliminate the need for the money markets. Banks should be able to offer loans more cheaply than diversified markets, which must evaluate each borrower every time a new security is offered. The banking industry exists primary to mediate the asymmetric information problem between saver-lenders and borrower-spenders, and banks can earn profits by capturing economies of scale while providing this service. However, the banking industry is subject to more regulations and governmental costs than are the money markets. In the situation where the asymmetric information problem is not severe, the money markets have a distinct cost advantage over banks in providing short term funds (Mishkin, S. F, Eakins G. S, 2009). 3. 2 Money market cost advantage Banks must put aside a portion of their deposits in the form of reserves that are held without interest at the Bank Negara. Thus, a bank may not be able to invest 100% of every ringgit it holds in deposits. This means that it must pay a lower interest rate to the depositors than if the full deposit could be invested. Interest rate regulations were a second competitive obstacle for banks. One of the principal purposes of the banking regulations in the 1930s was to reduce competition among banks. With less of competition, regulators felt, banks were less likely to fail. The cost to consumers of the greater profits banks earned because the lack of free market competition was justified by the greater economic stability that a healthy banking system would provide. One way that banking profits were assured was by regulations that set a ceiling on the rate of interest that banks could pay for funds (Mishkin, S. F, Eakins G. S, 2009). 3. 3 The Purpose of Money Markets Money market securities are usually sold in the large denominations. Normally the amount is exceeding than RM1, 000,000. The main participants in this area are Bank Negara Malaysia, Commercials banks, finance and investments firms and also rich individuals. Normally, the money market has lower default risk. This is because it matures in one year and less depending on those types of instruments. Nowadays, the money markets are established in order to save the surplus funds in that party holds and they do not want to use it yet. Hence, it will give a higher return for an individual who is save their money in this market area. This return is not as high as an individual can get if they are purchasing the bond. But, it is high if we compare the value that an individual can get if they hold the money by their own or simply deposits the money in any banks around this country or around the world. The money market also acts in between because it is not risky and safer and at the same time it gives additional amount towards the surplus money. It is the place where an individual avoid from riskier investment by purchasing the bonds. As we know, bonds are very risky investment even though it gives higher interest rates to the bondholders. Besides, money market also is established to provide a low-cost source of funds.